Types of Flanges Used in Oil and Gas for High Temperature and Pressure Applications
Flanges play a crucial role in the oil and gas industry, where high temperature and pressure environments are a common challenge. These essential components serve as connecting pieces that join pipes together, ensuring a secure and leak-free connection. At Arcellor Controls India, we take pride in being the leading
flanges manufacturer and exporter in Mumbai, India. With our extensive types of flanges and materials, we cater to diverse industry needs, ensuring reliability and durability in every product we offer.
In this article, we will delve into the different types of flanges used in high-temperature and pressure applications, highlighting their significance in the industry.
Understanding Flanges
Flanges are essential components used to connect pipes and equipment in the oil and gas industry. They serve as a bridge, creating a secure connection that can withstand the demanding conditions of high temperature and pressure. By providing a leak-proof joint, flanges ensure the integrity and safety of pipelines and equipment.
Different Types of Flanges
When it comes to flanges, various types are specifically designed to meet the diverse requirements of the oil and gas industry. Let’s explore some of the primary
types of flanges used in high-temperature and pressure applications:
These flanges have a long tapered hub and are preferred for severe service conditions.
They offer excellent resistance to thermal stresses, making them suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature environments.
Slip-on flanges are easy to install and provide a strong connection.
They are commonly used in systems where quick assembly or disassembly is required.
Blind flanges are solid disks used to close the end of a pipe, ensuring a tight seal.
They are ideal for applications where the pipe needs to be closed temporarily or inspected without dismantling the entire system.
Socket weld flanges are welded directly to the pipe, offering a strong and reliable connection.
They are commonly used in small-diameter, high-pressure piping systems.
Lap joint flanges consist of two components: a stub end and a loose backing flange.
They allow for easy alignment of the bolt holes during installation and are suitable for applications requiring frequent dismantling.
Threaded flanges have internal threads that match the external threads of pipes.
They provide a secure connection and are often used in low-pressure, non-critical applications.
Choosing the right flange type is essential to ensure the integrity and safety of the piping system. Consider the specific requirements of your application when selecting the appropriate flange type.
Standards and Specification of Flanges
As
ASME B16.5 Flange Manufacturers, Arcellor Controls is renowned in the Indian market. The ANSI B16.5 standard that we comply with encompasses Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings ranging from sizes NPS ½” to 24”. Any flanges exceeding NPS 26” up to 60” follow the specifications specified in ASME B16.47. Our flanges are classified according to their pressure classes: 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500, as per B16.5 standards.
| Standard |
ANSI B16.5, ANSI B16.47 Series A & B, MSS SP44, ASA, API-605, AWWA, Custom Drawings |
| Dimensions |
1/2″ (15 NB) to 48″ (1200NB) |
| Materials |
Stainless Steel Flanges, Duplex & Super Duplex Steel Flanges, Carbon Steel Flanges, Low-Temperature Carbon Steel Flanges, Alloy Steel Flanges, Copper Alloy Steel Flanges, and Nickel Alloy Flanges (Monel, Inconel, Hastelloy) |
| Size |
150 LBS, 300 LBS, 600 LBS, 900 LBS, 1500 LBS, 2500 LBS, DIN Standard ND-6,10, 16, 25, 40 Etc. |
| Type |
DIN2527, DIN2566, DIN2573, DIN2576, DIN2641, DIN2642, DIN2655, DIN2656, DIN2627, DIN2628, DIN2629, DIN 2631, DIN2632, DIN2633, DIN2634, DIN2635, DIN2636, DIN2637, DIN2638, DIN2673 |
| Flange Face Type |
Flate Face (FF), Raised Face (RF), Ring Type Joint (RTJ) |
Face Type Flanges
Flat face (FF) flanges feature a flat sealing surface without any protrusion. They are primarily used in low-pressure applications where the risk of leakage is minimal. When two FF flanges are bolted together with a gasket in between, the flat face ensures a smooth and even mating surface. However, it’s important to note that FF flanges may not be suitable for high-pressure or high-temperature applications, as they do not offer the same level of sealing as other face types.
- Raised Face (RF) Flanges:
Raised face (RF) flanges are widely used in oil and gas applications for their improved sealing capabilities. They have a raised surface around the borehole, which acts as a compression area for the gasket. When two RF flanges are bolted together with a gasket in between, the raised face compresses the gasket, creating a reliable and leak-free connection. RF flanges are suitable for moderate to high-pressure applications and provide better sealing compared to FF flanges.
- Ring Type Joint (RTJ) Flanges:
Ring Type Joint (RTJ) Flanges are specifically designed for high-pressure and high-temperature applications in the oil and gas industry. They feature a groove on the face of the flange that accommodates a metal ring gasket. The ring gasket, made of soft iron or other suitable materials, is placed within the groove, ensuring a tight and secure seal. RTJ flanges provide excellent resistance to pressure, vibration, and temperature variations, making them ideal for critical applications in the oil and gas industry. They are commonly used in offshore drilling, subsea installations, and pipelines.
A list of materials used in high-temperature and pressure environments for flanges in the oil and gas industry:
Apart from different flange types, the materials used for flanges also play a vital role in withstanding high-temperature and pressure environments. At Arcellor Controls India, we offer flanges in a wide range of materials to cater to various application needs. Let’s explore some of the materials available:
Stainless steel flanges are highly corrosion-resistant and offer excellent strength. They are widely used in the oil and gas industry due to their ability to withstand high temperatures and aggressive media. Stainless steel flanges are suitable for applications where resistance to chemicals, heat, and oxidation is crucial. They are available in various grades such as ASTM A 182, A 240 F 304, 304L, 304H, 316, 316L, 316Ti, 310, 310S, 321, 321H, 317, 347, 347H, and 904L, each offering specific properties for different conditions.
- Duplex & Super Duplex Steel Flanges:
Duplex and super duplex steel flanges are known for their exceptional strength and corrosion resistance. These materials have a mixed microstructure of austenite and ferrite, providing enhanced resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. These materials are available in different grades including ASTM / ASME A/SA 182 F 44, F 45, F51, F 53, F 55, F 60, and F 61. Duplex and super duplex steel flanges are commonly used in offshore oil and gas exploration, where harsh environments and corrosive conditions are prevalent.
Carbon steel flanges are an excellent choice when considering strength, durability, and affordability. They are frequently utilized in demanding applications that involve extreme temperatures and the transportation of oil and gas. Carbon steel flanges are available in multiple grades, including ASTM / ASME A/SA 105 ASTM / ASME A 350, ASTM A 181 LF 2 / A516 Gr.70 A36, A694 F42, F46, F52, F60, F65, F706, which are applicable for low-temperature operations. These flanges offer high pressure and temperature resistance, making them suitable for critical applications.
- Low-Temperature Carbon Steel Flanges:
Low-temperature carbon steel flanges, also known as LTCS flanges, are designed to withstand extremely low temperatures and offer exceptional resistance to brittle fracture and impact toughness. These flanges are particularly useful in cryogenic applications, such as low-temperature storage facilities and liquefied natural gas (LNG). A wide range of LTCS flanges are available, such as ASTM A350, LF2, and LF3. They are used to protect piping systems from freezing by maintaining their integrity at sub-zero temperatures.
Alloy steel flanges are known for their exceptional strength, toughness, and resistance to corrosion. They are commonly used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications in the oil and gas industry. Alloy steel flanges are available in a wide range of grades, such as ASTM / ASME A/SA 182 & A 387 F1, F5, F9, F11, F12, F22, and F91, each offering specific properties to meet the demands of various applications. These flanges are ideal for environments where elevated temperatures and aggressive media are present.
- Copper Alloy Steel Flanges:
Copper alloy steel flanges combine the advantages of copper and steel, offering excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as good corrosion resistance. These flanges are often used in applications where resistance to corrosion and erosion is essential. Moreover, these material is available in different grades including, ASTM SB 61, SB62, SB151, SB152 UNS No. C 70600 (Cu-Ni 90/10), C 71500 (Cu-Ni 70/30), UNS No. C 10100, 10200, 10300, 10800, 12000, and 12200 each offering specific properties to meet the demands of various applications. Copper alloy steel flanges are commonly used in industries involving heat exchangers, condensers, and refrigeration systems.
- Nickel Alloy Flanges (Monel, Inconel, Hastelloy):
Nickel alloy flanges, such as Monel, Inconel, and Hastelloy, possess exceptional resistance to both corrosion and high temperatures. These alloys have been specifically crafted to weather the tough and corrosive environments found in the oil and gas industry. Monel flanges, for instance, are famed for their acid resistance and are available in various grades such as ASTM SB564, SB160, SB472, SB162 Nickel 200 (UNS No. N02200), and Nickel 201 (UNS No. N02201). Meanwhile, Inconel and Hastelloy flanges boast superior resistance to oxidation and high-pressure conditions and incorporate numerous grades including Monel 400 (UNS No. N04400), Monel 500 (UNS No. N05500), Inconel 800 (UNS No. N08800), Inconel 825 (UNS No. N08825), Inconel 600 (UNS No. N06600), Inconel 625 (UNS No. N06625), Inconel 601 (UNS No. N06601), Hastelloy C 276 (UNS No. N10276), and Alloy 20 (UNS No. N08020). Nickel alloy flanges see widespread application in situations involving corrosive fluids, seawater, and high-temperature gases.
Each material offers unique advantages and is suitable for specific applications. Consider the properties and requirements of your project when selecting the appropriate flange material.
Final Thoughts!..
The oil and gas industry demands flanges that can withstand high temperature and pressure environments. The selection of the right flange type and material is crucial for ensuring the safety, efficiency, and longevity of piping systems. Weld neck flanges, slip-on flanges, blind flanges, socket weld flanges, lap joint flanges, and threaded flanges are some of the options available to meet specific project requirements. Moreover, Arcellor Controls India offers flanges in various materials, including stainless steel, duplex & super duplex steel, carbon steel, low-temperature carbon steel, alloy steel, copper alloy steel, and nickel alloy (Monel, Inconel, Hastelloy).
As a renowned flange exporter, Arcellor’s Controls India has built a reputation for supplying high-quality flanges. Whether you’re in Oman, Qatar, USA, Germany, UK, Brazil, Turkey, UAE, Indonesia, or Saudi Arabia, Arcellor’s Controls India is your reliable partner for all your flange needs
Remember, in the oil and gas industry, choosing the right flange can make all the difference in ensuring the safety, efficiency, and longevity of your piping systems. Trust
Arcellor Controls India for superior flange solutions tailored to your specific needs.
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